In-vitro Antimicrobial Resistance of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica from Bovine Mastitis on Bavarian Dairy Farms between 2015 and 2023

Lea Pirner; Wolfram Petzl; Reglindis Huber-Schlenstedt; Ulrike Sorge

Authors

Lea Pirner LMU Munich
Wolfram Petzl Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
Reglindis Huber-Schlenstedt 2Department of Udder Health and Milk Quality, Bavarian Animal Health Services, 85586 Poing, Germany
Ulrike Sorge 2Department of Udder Health and Milk Quality, Bavarian Animal Health Services, 85586 Poing, Germany

Keywords:

antimicrobial resistance, bovine mastitis, minor pathogens, gram-negative mastitis pathogens

Abstract

As the leading disease in dairy cows, mastitis and its major pathogens have been extensively researched. However, mastitis can also be caused by other, opportunistic pathogens, such as Pasteurella (P.) multocida and Mannheimia (M.) haemolytica, which are usually associated with bovine respiratory disease. To better understand the effects of these as mastitis pathogens, the objective of this study was to describe the in-vitro antimicrobial resistance of P. multocida and M. haemolytica in quarter milk samples from Bavarian dairy farms between 2015 and 2023. P. multocida was isolated almost as frequently from clinical (48.6%), as from subclinical cases (51.1%), while samples with M. haemolytica came predominantly from clinical mastitis (82%). And while P. multocida was isolated in roughly equal parts (49.6% vs. 50.4%) from samples of herd screenings as well as individual submissions, M. haemolytica was more frequently found in individually submitted samples (87.2%). P. multocida was in-vitro mostly resistant against erythromycin (81.4%) and pirlimycin (95%), and M. haemolytica against erythromycin (89.7%), pirlimycin (87.2%), and oxacillin (58.9%). Yet they showed only few resistances to the other tested antimicrobials. The high occurrence of resistances against those few antimicrobials were also reflected in a high percentage of multiple resistances (83.7%). As antimicrobial resistances of those pathogens vary throughout different regions, the numbers in this study were mostly consistent with those from other studies from Germany or Austria. In general, low resistances to penicillin were reported when P. multocida and M. haemolytica were isolated from cases of mastitis, as well as a high success rate in eliminating the pathogens from the udder. However, the possibility of self-cure remains unexplored for these pathogens. When treatment with antimicrobials was selected, penicillin seemed to be the antimicrobial of choice for mastitis caused by P. multocida and M. haemolytica.

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